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Surabaya, a city widely known as the "City of Heroes" carried a long historical value. Its name itself hints at this bravery, derived from the words "sura" (meaning brave) and "baya" (meaning danger). In essence, Surabaya translates to "braving the dangers ahead."

The heroism of Surabaya's citizens is most famously known through the Battle of November 10th, 1945. During this battle, the "Arek-arek Suroboyo" (Surabaya's youth) fought with limited resources, often wielding sharpened bamboo spears against the well-armed allied troops. Tens of thousands of citizens died defending their city. This courageous event is commemorated on Heroes' Day, solidifying Surabaya's title as the "City of Heroes."

If you're interested to embark in a journey through history and time, here's where to get started:

• Tugu Pahlawan

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Tugu Pahlawan (Heroes Monument) is the city's most prominent symbol. Dedicated to the fallen heroes of the Battle of Surabaya, this monument serves as a powerful reminder of their sacrifice.

To gain a deeper understanding of the battle and its impact on Indonesia's independence, visit the 10 November Museum located directly beneath the monument.  The museum is open daily (except Mondays) from 8:00 AM to 2:30 PM, with a very affordable entrance fee of only IDR 2,000.

• Jembatan Merah

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Jembatan Merah ( The Red Bridge ), which is located at the North side of Surabaya, stands as a silent witness to one of the most brutal battles ever fought on Java Island the Battle of Surabaya. This critical conflict erupted just three months after Indonesia declared independence, claiming the life of British Brigadier Generalz A. W. S. Mallaby. Further down from the Red Bridge lies Surabaya's vibrant Chinatown. Packed with buildings showcasing traditional Chinese architecture, this area remains a bustling hub for business and trade. 

• Sura and Baya Statue 

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Sura & Baya Statue is like a famously known icon of Surabaya. This monument depicts two legendary creatures from the city's folklore – Sura (shark) and Baya (crocodile) – said to have fought for dominance over the land where Surabaya now stands.  Statues of these mythical creatures can be found scattered around the city, with the most famous ones located near the Surabaya Zoo and the BMX Skate Park.

• Balai Pemuda  

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The Balai Pemuda (was named de Simpangsche Societeit) stands as a testament to the city's rich history. Originally constructed in the 1920s during Dutch colonial rule, it served as a social club for Europeans, known as the Simpang Club. This multi-functional building, architectured in the Neo Renaissance style and boasting the title of Surabaya's first steel-framed structure, was a social gathering place for the Dutch community. However, its early days were marred by discriminatory policies, barring entry to Indonesians. 

The Balai Pemuda witnessed a significant turning point during the Indonesian Revolution. Indonesian revolutionaries seized control of the building, only to have it recaptured by Dutch forces later. Following Indonesia's independence, the Balai Pemuda has undergone a transformation, evolving into a hub for various political groups. Today, it remains a vital part of Surabaya's cultural landscape, hosting exhibitions, cultural events, and sporting activities. Today, it's a popular venue for exhibitions, cultural events, and sporting activities.

• House Of Sampoerna 

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The House of Sampoerna is a captivating blend of history and heritage. Built in 1862, the grand colonial structure initially served as a Dutch orphanage. In 1932, Liem Seeng Tee, founder of Sampoerna, acquired the building, transforming it into the company's first major cigarette production facility. Today, this building serves as both a tobacco museum and headquarters, showcasing Sampoerna's legacy and the city's connection to the tobacco industry.

Stepping inside the House of Sampoerna is a journey through time. Explore exhibits detailing Sampoerna's evolution, witness the intricate processes of tobacco cultivation, and admire the antique machinery that once formed the backbone of production. 

• The Hotel Majapahit 

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Reaching the age of 113 years, Hotel Majapahit stands proudly as one of Indonesia's oldest hotels, predating even the nation's independence. Its story begins in 1911, during the Dutch colonial era, when it was first constructed under the name Hotel Oranje. The developer behind this grand structure was Lucas Martin Sarkies, a part of the famous Sarkies brothers, the visionary minds behind the Raffles Hotel in Singapore.

As history unfolded, the hotel underwent a name change during the Japanese occupation, becoming Hotel Yamato. Within its very walls, a pivotal moment in Indonesia's struggle for independence unfolded, known as the Hotel Yamato Incident. This event culminated in the dramatic tearing of the Dutch flag on September 19, 1945, a powerful act that resonated deeply with the nation's spirit.

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Surabaya's historical sites offer a captivating journey through time. Each landmark whispers tales of struggle, resilience, and cultural heritage, inviting visitors to delve deeper into the vibrant soul of this Indonesian city. So, plan your visit now to discover a place where history comes alive on every corner.

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